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Publications List

The infrastructure of global trade. From left: the Port of Rotterdam, the largest port in Europe at 105 square kilometres; an oil and gas processing facility; a container terminal (top-right); and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (bottom-right). Composite image by CILOS.

Financing Strategic Infrastructure: The Resilience Imperative

The infrastructure the global economy depends on is only as reliable as the capital behind it

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Left to right: the Serbian flag over Belgrade; President Aleksandar Vučić receives President Volodymyr Zelensky at an official welcome ceremony in Belgrade; the United Nations General Assembly Hall in New York; and the Ukrainian flag in Kyiv. (Composite image by CILOS)

One Rule, Two Standards

Kosovo, Crimea, and the Binding Force of International Law

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Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump, Volodymyr Zelensky and Ursula von der Leyen. Any settlement in Ukraine would have to satisfy four sharply different definitions of an acceptable outcome.

Trump's Foreign Policy and the Russia-Ukraine War

Whether the incoming administration could end the war, and how any settlement would fit its contest with China

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A crowd waves Iranian and Venezuelan flags during an official ceremony marking closer ties between the two governments.

Tehran Increases Local Security and Strengthens Ties to Venezuela Amid Economic Crisis

Currency collapse pushed Tehran toward Caracas abroad

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A session of the United Nations Security Council in New York. (UN Photo)

Iranian Leaders Seek to Capitalize on the Expiration of the Arms Embargo

Weapons sales as revenue, and a conflict on the northern border Tehran could not afford to take sides in

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A picture taken on November 10, 2019, shows an Iranian flag in Iran's Bushehr nuclear power plant, during an official ceremony to kick-start works on a second reactor at the facility. - Bushehr is Iran's only nuclear power station and is currently running on imported fuel from Russia that is closely monitored by the UN's International Atomic Energy Agency. (Photo by ATTA KENARE / AFP) (Photo by ATTA KENARE/AFP via Getty Images)

Iran Accelerates Nuclear Program Development

Underground infrastructure and advanced centrifuges as leverage ahead of a change of administration in Washington

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United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) troops based in Kidal in the extreme north of Mali, ensure the security of the camp, and also the safety of the civilian population. (MINUSMA/Harandane Dicko)

Prisoner Releases Will Empower Extremist Insurgencies

How prisoner releases in Afghanistan and Mali strengthened insurgent groups as Western counterterrorism capacity contracted

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Smoke rises over a residential district in Gaza. (Image via The National Interest Magazine)

Israel-Hamas Conflict: Lessons from Afghanistan

What twenty years of missed openings in Afghanistan suggest about the war in Gaza

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US Senate hearing on crypto market structure legislation. (Photo credit: Frank Corva)

The Crypto Industry is ‘Tether’-ed to Illicit Finance. Here's How to Break the Chain

If Congress advances new rules on cryptocurrency, it must advance tighter anti-money laundering requirements alongside them

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The Internal Revenue Service headquarters in Washington, D.C., where enforcement of offshore reporting rules has been constrained by funding and outdated systems. (Susan Walsh / Associated Press)

Offshore Tax Evasion is a Matter of Democracy

When assets move offshore, domestic law reaches its limit — and so does the promise that it binds everyone

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Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, European Council President Charles Michel, and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan at EU-mediated talks in Brussels. (KENZO TRIBOUILLARD/AFP via Getty Images)

Azerbaijan-Armenia Peace Talks: The Status Quo and an Emerging Diplomatic Breakthrough

Three deadlocks stand between a framework agreement and a settlement: a constitution, a border, and a corridor

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U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken meets with Armenian and Azerbaijani foreign ministers during U.S.-hosted peace negotiations in 2023. (Celal Güneş/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

Armenia-Azerbaijan Peace Talks and the United States South Caucasus Strategy

How a moment of bleak political realities produce a diplomatic opening, and what it would take to seize it

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Legislators hold the North Macedonian and European Union flags in the Assembly in Skopje.

EU Enlargement as Security Policy: The Case of North Macedonia

Why an accession stalled over identity and history has become a test of Western credibility

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A student in Dhaka, Bangladesh, waves the national flag during a protest to demand a trial against the ousted leader Sheikh Hasina. (Luis Tato / AFP via Getty Images)

Fault Lines in Bangladesh's Political Journey Towards Democracy

Why mass movements keep producing new elites rather than durable democratic institutions

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The flag of the United Nations flying against an overcast sky

Reimagining the Global Order

Why the postwar system needs transformation rather than another round of incremental reform

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President Donald Trump displays a signed document at the inaugural meeting of the Board of Peace, Washington, 19 February 2026. (Getty Images)

Trump’s Board of Peace: An Alternative to Postwar Order?

A model of governance built on executive authority rather than collective authorization

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The Council on International Law, Order, and Security (CILOS) is an independent, nonpartisan policy research institution based in Washington, DC, working at the intersection of international law, international order, and international security. It brings together senior leaders, scholars, and practitioners to inform policy and strategic thinking and to contribute to debate on global order and security.

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